advertising agencies
Revenue Exposure
Clients include advertising agencies and advertisers under MSAs; revenue growth depends on retaining and expanding spend from these clients.
Relevance 95·Dependency 85·Confidence 96
Source evidence
“Our clients are advertising agencies, advertisers and other service providers for agencies or advertisers, with whom we enter into ongoing MSAs.”
Advertising Agencies
Customer Exposure
Revenue flows primarily through advertising agency clients under sequential liability terms, concentrating credit risk with agencies of varying credit quality and exposing Trade Desk to slow payment cycles and credit losses.
Relevance 92·Dependency 85·Confidence 95
Source evidence
“Spend on our platform primarily comes through our agency clients. Many of our contracts with advertising agencies provide that if the advertiser does not pay the agency, the agency is not liable to us”
Connected TV (CTV)
Revenue Exposure
CTV inventory demand has been a significant growth driver; revenue growth depends on ability to expand within CTV.
Relevance 90·Dependency 80·Confidence 90
Source evidence
“the demand for CTV inventory on our platform has been a significant driver of growth”
Third-party co-location and cloud hosting providers
Supplier Dependency
Platform delivery depends on third-party co-location and cloud hosting; interruptions of even a few minutes could harm marketplace activity and cause revenue loss; facilities face natural disaster and cyberattack risk.
Relevance 88·Dependency 90·Confidence 92
Source evidence
“Even a disruption as brief as a few minutes could have a negative impact on marketplace activities and could result in a loss of revenue.”
Connected TV (CTV)
Supplier Dependency
CTV is a key growth channel; the company is investing in expanding CTV inventory supply to grow platform reach and spend.
Relevance 88·Dependency 70·Confidence 90
Source evidence
“expand our platform’s reach in new and growing channels such as CTV, including expanding the supply of CTV inventory”
Google
Supplier Dependency
Google is one of the largest inventory suppliers and also a competitor; limiting access to its inventory would adversely affect the business.
Relevance 85·Dependency 70·Confidence 95
Source evidence
“Google is one of our largest advertising inventory suppliers in addition to being one of our competitors. If Google or any other company with attractive advertising inventory limits our access to its advertising inventory, our business could be adversely affected.”
CTV growth is a key channel opportunity; future growth depends on maintaining and growing CTV inventory and spend.
Relevance 85·Dependency 70·Confidence 93
Source evidence
“Our future growth will depend on our ability to maintain and grow the inventory and spend across these channels, in addition to continued growth in CTV”
artificial_intelligence
Demand Driver
AI platform development is a key growth opportunity and demand driver but raises hosting/development costs.
Relevance 85·Dependency 70·Confidence 90
Source evidence
“(v) continuing development and incorporation of AI in our platform and related offerings.”
Advertising holding companies
Customer Exposure
Two holding companies would each exceed 10% of 2025 gross billings if aggregated; consolidation or loss of holding company relationships could significantly harm results.
Relevance 85·Dependency 70·Confidence 90
Source evidence
“two holding companies would have each represented more than 10% of our gross billings for 2025.”
Internet user behavior and demographic data
Supplier Dependency
Platform must access third-party data on Internet user behavior and demographics for ad targeting, optimization and verification; loss of access would impair platform functionality.
Relevance 82·Dependency 80·Confidence 88
Source evidence
“in order for clients to target ads in ways they desire and otherwise optimize and verify campaigns, our platform must have access to data regarding Internet user behavior and reports with demographic information regarding Internet users.”
Advertising inventory suppliers (publishers, exchanges, networks)
Revenue Exposure
Revenue depends on consistent access to quality inventory; suppliers are generally not bound by long-term contracts, and a few hold significant inventory in particular channels.
Relevance 80·Dependency 75·Confidence 90
Source evidence
“Our suppliers are generally not bound by long-term contracts. As a result, there is no guarantee that we will have access to a consistent supply of quality inventory on favorable terms or at all.”
Privacy and data protection laws
Regulatory Exposure
Privacy/data protection laws may add costs, trigger litigation or enforcement, reduce demand, or force platform/business model changes.
Relevance 80·Dependency 65·Confidence 90
Source evidence
“result in less demand for our offerings, or cause us to change our platform, related offerings or business model, which may have a material adverse effect on our business”
consumer_spending
Demand Driver
Macroeconomic slowdown may decrease demand for clients' goods and services, reducing ad spend on the platform.
Relevance 80·Dependency 60·Confidence 88
Source evidence
“may decrease demand for a broad variety of goods and services in various industries, including those provided by our clients”
Supplier Components
Supplier Dependency
Company pays suppliers for Supplier Components in advance of collecting from clients, creating working capital swings (2025: AR +$433M, AP +$291M).
Relevance 75·Dependency 70·Confidence 90
Source evidence
“We typically pay suppliers in advance of collections from our clients.”
Data privacy regulation
Cost Driver
Data collection/use and consumer privacy compliance requires additional infrastructure, features, security, automation and personnel, increasing costs.
Relevance 75·Dependency 65·Confidence 88
Source evidence
“cover expenses relating to data collection and use and consumer privacy compliance, including additional infrastructure, certain features, security, automation and personnel”
hosting infrastructure components
Cost Driver
High demand for hosting infrastructure components drives rising, inelastic component costs.
Relevance 75·Dependency 65·Confidence 90
Source evidence
“due to high demand for hosting infrastructure components, their prices have become increasingly inelastic and the cost for such components has been rising.”
Cloud-based hosting and data-related service providers
Supplier Dependency
Non-cancelable $92 million commitments with cloud hosting/data service providers to support the platform, indicating reliance on external hosting infrastructure.
Relevance 72·Dependency 65·Confidence 92
Source evidence
“In January 2026, we entered into non-cancelable commitments of $92 million with certain cloud-based hosting and data-related service providers to support our platform and related offerings.”
US Dollar
Currency Exposure
USD strength against foreign currencies could cause revenue to decline relative to USD-denominated inventory/data costs; hedging program may not fully offset losses.
Relevance 72·Dependency 60·Confidence 90
Source evidence
“any increase in the value of the U.S. Dollar against these foreign currencies could cause our revenue to decline relative to our costs”
Sales personnel availability
Demand Driver
Revenue growth depends on hiring and retaining sufficient trained sales personnel; inability to do so would adversely affect client acquisition and spend growth.
Relevance 70·Dependency 60·Confidence 85
Source evidence
“If we are unable to hire and train sufficient numbers of effective sales personnel, or the sales personnel are not successful in obtaining new clients or increasing our existing clients’ spend with us, our business will be adversely affected.”
Capex for hosting capabilities is subject to rising prices for data center components, an unpredictable cost driver.
Relevance 70·Dependency 55·Confidence 88
Source evidence
“Capital expenditures to support our hosting capabilities are also subject to rising prices for data center components, the timing, extent and duration of which cannot be predicted.”
Competitors that also sell advertising inventory
Competitive Exposure
Competitors offering artificially low prices enabled by conflicts of interest from selling owned inventory are a competitive factor.
Relevance 70·Dependency 50·Confidence 85
Source evidence
“This includes our ability to differentiate to clients our platform’s overall value from competitors’ platforms that may offer artificially low prices, which are enabled by inherent conflicts of interest”
Hosting capacity and hardware component shortage
Cost Driver
A shortage of hosting capacity and hardware components is causing technology investment costs to increase.
Relevance 68·Dependency 55·Confidence 85
Source evidence
“investing in hosting infrastructure in an environment where a shortage of hosting capacity and hardware components is causing costs to increase”
global_trade
Currency Exposure
Trade policies and geopolitical developments may disrupt supply chains, sales channels and advertising activities, impacting revenue.
Relevance 60·Dependency 40·Confidence 85
Source evidence
“while also disrupting supply chains, sales channels and advertising and marketing activities for an unknown period of time”
Advertising technology industry self-regulation
Legal Exposure
Adtech industry self-regulation may lead to government or self-regulatory investigations, litigation, and operational costs or reputational harm.
Relevance 55·Dependency 40·Confidence 80
Source evidence
“Advertising technology industry self-regulation may lead to investigation by government or self-regulatory bodies, government or private litigation, and operational costs or harm to reputation or brand.”